MID TEST OF INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLINGUISTICS

SHELA SAFHIRA
VA

 
1. What is sociolinguistics?

Answer:

Sociolinguistics is the branches of linguistics that study about language in social.Sociolinguistics comes from socio and linguistics.Socio is the relationship between one people to another people and make the interaction and have the purposes.Linguistics is the language that is used by the people for do the interaction with the other people. .So,sociolinguistics is the language that used by the people when they speak with other people to make understanding each other and make interaction for get their purpose.But,the language that is used by the people  have differentiate in each other like dialect and accent because they have different culture and also their region.Like dialect,in every language have different grammar,vocabulary and pronunciation in each country and also,accent has differentiate pronunciation suitable with their country.For example like the people from Bataknees it will be different with the way of javaness dialect and accent.

2. Why do we learn Sociolinguistic? 

Answer:

Sociolinguistics is the study of language that use in social environment. language is the essential thing that people need to communicate, share and get the information, feeling, ideas, etc.We live in social environment called society. so, it show that we must learn and comprehend our understanding of sociolinguistics to communicate with others in our environment. the advantages of learn sociolinguistic are; to increase our awareness that every region has different language, dialect and accent then, we know the different characteristics of language that used in different region, the different culture of people in different region, we also know that social factors such as class and gender influence the language too. and we can get many vocabulary of language in a region to communicate with people around the region.

3. What is the relationship between language and society?

Answer :

Language and society have a closed realtioship both of them.Because of what?because when we talk with the people,we use language,when we needs the people help,we use language.All of our activities use language and all of aour activities use language and social to make a good interaction between one people to another people and create the good understanding and comprehension.Language exist because there are the society that use them for do interaction.And the society used the language in all their activities.If there is no language,we as the society will find the difficulties when we talk and misunderstanding will be exist.Language will develop if its society develop too and language will be lost if its society not develop their language.And develop the language is influenced by the people.it make the language has a closed relationship with society.Because they can not separate.

4. Please mention and explain the branches of linguistics!

 Answer:

 The Branches of linguistics; 

• Phonetics, the study of the physical properties of sounds of human language 
• Phonology, the study of sounds as discrete, abstract elements in the speaker's mind that distinguish meaning 
• Morphology, the study of internal structures of words and how they can be modified 
• Syntax, the study of how words combine to form grammatical sentences 
• Semantics, the study of the meaning of words (lexical semantics) and fixed word combinations (phraseology), and how these combine to form the meanings of sentences 
• Pragmatics, the study of how utterances are used (literally, figuratively, or otherwise) in communicative acts 
• Discourse analysis, the analysis of language use in texts (spoken, written, or signed) 
• Applied linguistic is the branch of linguistic that is most concerned with application of the concepts in everyday life, including language-teaching.

5. What is standard language?giving an example!

Answer :

Standard language is a variety of language that is used by governments,in the media,in schools and for international communication.For example,in different regional dialect and these non-standard varieties are different from each other.

6. Elaborating the language, dialect, and accent please!

Answer :
Language is the essential system that human need to communicate with others by spoken or written to sharing or receiving our feeling, ideas, information, etc.

Dialect is the variety of language that describes the specific region distinguished by pronunciation, grammar, and/or vocabulary.

Accent is the specific ways to pronounce or stress a language.

7. Giving an example of formal and informal language

Answer:

Formal language

            A: may I help you ?

            B: yes, of course! open the door please, thank you.

            A: you are welcome

 Informal language:

            A:I go to market in this morning

            B: ok, take care 

8.What aspects of language are sociolinguistics interested in?

Answer :

Sociolinguistics interested in different language,dialect and accents or social context.because the people can know about variety of language in sociolingusitics and can learn it.

9. When two or more people from different language met and tried to communicate, what should they do?

Answer :  

-Pidgins is a restricted language which arises for the purposes of communication between two social groups of which one is in a more dominant position than the other

- Creoles is a language that was originally a pidgin but has become nativized, i.e. a community of speakers claims it as their first language.

- Lingua Franca is a language used to communicate between people who speak different languages natively.
So, they should use lingua franca because lingua franca do not eliminate the original language or produce a new language 

10.Why do people switch and mix a language?

Answer:

There are some factor that make the people switch and mix the language

1.Because not at all the people full understanding with the language that is use when they speak.It make the people to do switch and mix and did not happen miss understanding each other.For example,when the someone with javaness talk with their friend that have the javaness too,and than their other friend that have malay comes and join to speak with them,so they must switch their language that third of them understanding.

2.If there are switch and mix,the people can know or learn the new language that before they did not know what the meaning is.it can be one of way to know some vocabularywhen they use mixing when they speak.

3.The people think that if they do switch and mix,they feel so cool because they know the other language.

11. Giving an example of code switching and code mixing?

Answer :

Code switching

A: gimana ni aku khawatir banget

B: keep calm, cause everithing is gonna be ok

A: ok, I can try 

Code mixing

oh my god aku telat bangun in the morning

Speech Community

·         Group 5
Ratna Sari

·        Rumintang Harianja

·        Asep Sukroko

 

Speech Community is a group of people who speak the same language and share the same dialect, words and grammar rules of a language as a standard. These individuals also share the understanding of at least one language so that they may communicate with each other.

Example: In transgender communities, they use particular vocabulary such as “akika” to change the word “aku” and “begindang” to change the word “begitu”. When they making transaction, “berapose” that means “berapa” or to say “benar” by saying “ember”.

In Speech communities, there are:

1.     Intersecting communities: language that used from communities such as like we know people is baliness, batakness, sundaness by looking their word, accent, intonation and also dialect.

  .      Network and repertoire:  it is show that a person can be part of various speech communities by an interaction in network and repertoires is various language variotion that have got from network.

Questions:

1.      Is slang include of speech communities?

2.      Is it possible one speech communities used by the other communities?

3.      Why speech communities exist?

Answers:

1    - Yes, it is. Because slang is created from communities and it expand to be an informal language for some country that they often use slang in their communities.

2   -yes, it is possible. But it can be a good or bad word, if the user use it correctly and know that meaning.
-to make the people in community are enjoyable to interact each other and to  improve their language abilities that used in social activities

 

 The conclusion
Speech communities is a group of speakers who share a language and patterns of a language use.it means that,speech communities is a group of people who speak the same language and share the same dialect,words,and grammar rules of a language as a standard.The fact that people do use expression such as javanesse speech,sundas speech,and balis speech indicates that they have some idea of how a typical person from each place reffered to as intersecting communities.Network and repertoires is show that a person can be part of various speech communities,some that intersect and some that do not. 

 

 

Code Switching and Code Mixing

Code Switching and Code Mixing

Group 4:
Ade Gustia Putri
Indah Ayu Widuna

As a teacher,what is benefit to learn code switching and code mixing?
Answer :
As a teacher,Study about code switching and code mixing have a benefit like when we teach the student in the class,for example when we teach English in the class,we can switch our language when the students that don’t understand what we say.We can change our language  that understood by students.
Code Mixing can use when we teach in the class.we can combine our language to make our tudents understand what we mean.And than students can add their vocabulary.

Is it suitable when we used code mixing in the school or public?Why?
Answer:
Yes,it is.Because I think when we speak with code mixing in the school,student can learn the other language.For example when we speak bahasa and English,the student can know the new vocabulary.But,we can’t do it in every place,we must know the place that suitable because if we always use it,it can makes our nation languge will be lost.

What is differenciate between English and Arabian code mixing?
Answer:
English and Arabian have a different system and rule in their language in make code mixing.So that,we learn it with different way.

Conclusion
Code switching is the alternation of the use of at least two languages or their varieties or styles in the same conversation in bilingual community.Bilingual people often switch codes from one language to other language when they speak or write.Code switching not only occurs in the form of language change but also may happen in the change of the variant of language.
Code Mixing is the change of one language to another within the same utterance or in the same oral/written text.it is common phenomenon in societies in which two or more languages are used,usually without a change of topic