- BASIC SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
Singular Verb
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Plural Verb
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(a) My friend lives in Boston
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(b) My friends live in Boston
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Verb + s/es= third person in the
Simple present tense
Noun + s/es= plural
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(c) My brother and sister live in Boston
(d) My brother, sister, and cousin live in Boston
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Two or more subjects connected by and require a plural verb
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(e) Every man, woman, and chils needs love.
(f) Each book and magazine is listed in the card catalog
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EXCEPTION: Every and each are always followed immediately by singular nouns. In this case, even when there are two or more nouns connected by and, the verb is singular.
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(g) That book on political paties is interesting.
(h) My dog, as weel as my cats, likes cat food.
(i) The book that I got from my parents was very interesting
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(j) The ideas in that book are interesting.
(k) My dogs, as well as my cats my cat, like cat food
(l) The books I bought at the bookstore were expensive.
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Sometimes a phrase or clause separates a subject from its verb. These interrupimg structures do not affect basic agreement.
For example:
In (g) the interrupting prepositional phrase on political parties does not change the fact that the verb is must agree with the subject book.
In (i) and (l): the subject and verb are separated by an adjective clause.
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(m) Growing flowers is her hobby.
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A gerund used as the subject of the sentence requires a singular verb
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- SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT: USING EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY
Singular Verb
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Plural verb
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(a) Some of the book is good.
(b) A lot of the equipment is new.
(c) Two-thirds of the money is mine.
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(d) Some of the books are good.
(e) A lot of my friends are here.
(f) Two-thirds of the pennies are mine.
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In most expressions of quantity, the verb is determined by noun or pronoun thet follows of. For example:
In (a) : some of + singular noun = singular verb
In (d) : some of + plural noun =plural verb
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(g) One of my friends is here
(h) Each of my friends is here
(i) Every one of my friends is here
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EXCEPTION: One of, each of, and every one of take singular verbs
One of + plural noun = singular verb
Each of + plural noun = singular verb
Every one of + plural noun = singular verb
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(j) None of the boys is here
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(k) None of the boys are here. (informal)
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Subject with none of are considered singular in very formal English, bur plural verb are often used in informal speech writing.
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(l) The number of students in the class is fifteen
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(m) A numbers of student were late for class
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COMPARE:
in (l): the number is the subject.
In (m) : a number of is an expression of quantity meaning “a lot of”. It is followed by a plural noun and a plural verb.
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